Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, affecting both men and women. It develops in the colon or rectum and often begins as small, benign growths called polyps, which can become cancerous over time. Early detection and preventive measures play a crucial role in reducing the risk and improving treatment outcomes.
Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer
While the exact cause of colorectal cancer is not always clear, several risk factors increase the likelihood of developing the disease:
Age: The risk increases with age, especially after 50.
Family History: A family history of colorectal cancer or polyps raises the risk.
Lifestyle Factors: Poor diet (low in fiber, high in processed foods), lack of exercise, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption contribute to a higher risk.
Obesity: Being overweight increases the likelihood of developing colorectal cancer.
Chronic Conditions: People with inflammatory bowel diseases (such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis) have a higher risk.
Common Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer
In its early stages, colorectal cancer may not cause noticeable symptoms. However, as the disease progresses, individuals may experience:
- Changes in bowel habits, including diarrhea, constipation, or narrow stools
- Blood in the stool or rectal bleeding
- Unexplained weight loss
- Persistent abdominal pain, cramping, or bloating
- Fatigue and weakness
- A feeling that the bowel does not empty completely
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to consult a healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Screening and Early Detection
Regular screenings can detect colorectal cancer early when it is most treatable. Common screening methods include:
Colonoscopy: A procedure that allows doctors to examine the colon and remove polyps before they turn cancerous.
Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT) or Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT): These tests detect hidden blood in the stool, a possible sign of colorectal cancer.
Stool DNA Test: Identifies genetic changes in the stool that may indicate cancer.
CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy): Uses imaging technology to examine the colon non-invasively.
Prevention Tips for Colorectal Cancer
Although not all cases are preventable, adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer:
Maintain a Healthy Diet: Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains while reducing processed meats and unhealthy fats.
Exercise Regularly: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days of the week.
Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol Consumption: These habits increase the risk of colorectal and other cancers.
Maintain a Healthy Weight: Obesity is linked to a higher risk of colorectal cancer.
Get Screened: Regular screenings help detect and prevent colorectal cancer before it advances.
Take Charge of Your Health
Colorectal cancer is preventable and treatable when detected early. At Parkchester Medical, we encourage regular screenings and lifestyle changes to lower the risk of colorectal cancer. If you are due for a screening or have concerns about your digestive health, contact us today to schedule an appointment.
